Leaving Certificate Biology Practice Test

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• A haploid male or female sex cell is called a
• Which device is used to culture cells or produce useful substances in a controlled environment?
• The allele whose expression is hidden by a dominant allele is:
• Which bioprocess involves growing cells with nutrients added and products removed continuously?
• Which term describes the pressure exerted by the contents of a cell against the cell wall?
• Area of rapid cell division in plants is called?
• Group of three bases on DNA which code for an amino acid?
• Which term is described as the portion of the nervous system associated with processing information and containing many neuronal cell bodies and dendrites?
• Relating to weather, such as temperature, are called
• What term describes a close relationship between two species where both benefit?
• What vessel is used to produce useful substances from cells or their products?
• Which term describes cells that do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles?
• Brings anticodon and a particular amino acid to the ribosome?
• A section of DNA that codes for a protein is called a
• The stage of the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing is called the
• It can shorten
• Automatic response to a stimulus not controlled by brain
• What is the part of an enzyme that binds with the substrate called?
• What term describes disease-causing organisms?
• Which tube carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body?
• Which term describes organisms that obtain energy from dead material?
• Chromosomes which are the same size and shape and contain the same genes are called
• A carbohydrate formed by two monosaccharide units is called a ...
• Making a protein using the mRNA code is called?
• What is the pressure of cell contents against the cell wall called?
• What term is used for a biological catalyst made of protein?
• What term describes a group of similar organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring?
• Which process involves pollen transfer from anther to stigma?
• What is the term for a bioprocess where reactants are added at the start, products are removed after the reaction, and the vessel is cleaned before the next run?
• What term describes a ductless gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream?
• Which term describes the catching, killing and eating of one organism by another?
• Which term describes a sequence of organisms in which each is eaten by the next member in the chain?
• Hollow ball of cells
• The triploid tissue that nourishes the developing embryo is called
• Which term describes a neuron that serves as a relay between sensory and motor pathways?
• Pollen from one plant goes to another is known as
• What term describes fertilization outside the body?
• Contains one set of chromosomes?
• Male part of the flower consists of filament and anther
• Two muscles that work against each other are called the
• What is the term for the molecule that the enzyme reacts with?
• Which enzyme digests proteins?
• Which term best describes the network of feeding relationships among organisms within an ecosystem?
• Lipase is an enzyme that digests what?
• Which structure serves as the link between mother and embryo and forms from both maternal and embryonic tissues?
• Edaphic factors are environmental factors related to which component of the environment?
• The female part of the flower that consists of stigma, style and ovary is called the
• Having two different alleles for a gene is described as
• Which term describes features that distinguish males from females apart from the sex organs themselves?
• Which enzyme acts on proteins?
• Which part of the skeleton consists of the skull, vertebrae, ribs and sternum?
• Triglycerides are made up of which components?
• A hypothesis that has been supported by many different experiments is called a ...
• An organism that is eaten by a predator is called the ...
• Genes that are located on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together due to:
• A monosaccharide is the basic unit of which type of biomolecule?
• What term means the prevention of infection by removing or killing pathogens?
• Which term describes the division of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord?
• Which term describes the process that requires oxygen?
• Which term refers to organisms that use light to synthesize organic compounds?
• Which term refers to the alternative forms of a gene?
• Amylase is an enzyme that digests which type of macromolecule?
• What term describes differences between members of the same species?
• An organism that eats plants and animals is called what?
• Which enzyme digests fat?
• An organism possessing two identical alleles for a given gene is described as:
• The genetic makeup, in contrast to the physical expression, is:
• Which process describes decoding genetic information into a protein?
• Which molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome to be added to a growing protein?
• Which organisms obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic compounds to synthesize organic matter?
• Which term describes organisms capable of synthesizing their own organic compounds from inorganic sources?
• What is the term for a gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream?
• Living on dead organic matter is described as what mode of nutrition?
• A change in the DNA sequence, structure, or amount is called:
• What is the growth of cells in or on a sterile nutrient medium outside an organism called?
• Which term refers to the animals of a region?
• What term describes the idea that all cells are derived by the division of other cells?
• Making of mRNA using the DNA template is called?
• A genetic change in a population over time due to natural selection in response to environmental change is called
• Which type of organisms obtain food from other organisms?
• An event in the female reproductive cycle involving the release of an oocyte from the ovary is called:
• A carbohydrate made up of two sugar units is a ...
• Consists of nerves and ganglia
• What term describes a mass of hyphae?
• What term describes a nuclear division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell?
• Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by the cell not dividing and carrying out growth and DNA replication?
• What is the term for a repeat of an experiment?
• Period of no growth
• An organism that makes its own food is a ...
• The sum of all chemical reactions in an organism is called what?
• What term describes all the members of a species living in a given area?
• The phenotype of a heterozygous organism showing an intermediate trait is due to:
• Protease is an enzyme that digests which type of macromolecule?
• What term describes a tube or filament in a fungus?
• The way in which the genetic information in a gene is decoded in the cell and used to make a protein is called what?
• What term describes enzymes that are attached or fixed to each other or to an inert material?
• Atmospheric nitrogen is converted to ammonia or nitrates in a process known as what?
• A struggle between organisms in which each organism gets some of the resource is called ...
• What term describes the breakdown of dead material by organisms?
• What process moves plasma from the blood in the glomerulus into Bowman's capsule?
• Which term describes organisms that must obtain energy by consuming other organisms?
• What term describes a gland with a duct that opens to the external environment such as mucous, saliva, sweat, and breast milk?
• The specific physical location of a gene on a chromosome is known as:
• Which term describes organisms that obtain energy by feeding on dead organic matter?
• What term refers to the feeding stage in a food chain?
• The movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi-permeable membrane is called what?
• Uptake of DNA by a cell is which process?
• Returning elements to the environment so they can be reused is known as what?
• Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
• An animal that produces its own heat and maintains a steady body temperature.
• Peristalsis is best described as which of the following?
• Which membrane forms part of the placenta and surrounds embryo?
• Temperature or pH at which an enzyme works best is called the what?
• An organism that lives in or on a host causing harm is called what?
• Body temperature varies with environmental temperature.
• Organisms that make their own food are described as which?
• What is the term for joining DNA fragments?
• In clinical settings, the ability of bacteria to survive exposure to antibiotics is called
• Which term defines the functional unit formed by a group of tissues that carry out a common function?
• What is the term for cutting DNA with a restriction enzyme?
• What term refers to non-living factors in an environment?
• What term describes organisms that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?
• Which type of enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of proteins?
• The force of attraction between water molecules is known as which?
• What term describes the activation of an inserted gene to produce its product?
• What term describes features that help an organism survive in its environment?
• Which term refers to the cytoplasm minus the organelles?
• Which term refers to the attraction between water molecules?
• Which term describes the principle that all cells are derived from the division of existing cells?
• Which term describes non-living environmental components like climate that affect organisms?
• Which neuron carries impulses from the CNS to an effector such as a muscle or gland?
• Which term describes the process of reading mRNA to assemble a protein?
• What term describes enzymes that are fixed to a surface or to each other?
• A section of DNA that codes for a protein is called what?
• In flowering plants, the male reproductive structure is called
• A cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes is called a
• Which term describes a body of organs working together to perform a major function?
• Which term refers to the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord?
• Which term describes differences among individuals within a population?
• Which lipid category includes cholesterol?
• Which study involves counting individuals to determine abundance?
• What term refers to a duplicate trial that mirrors the original experiment?
• The passing of the placenta after the baby is called
• Which term describes a membrane that allows some substances to pass through but not all?
• What is the term for an enzyme that is attached to an inert material or surface?
• Which type of neuron carries impulses from sensory receptors toward the central nervous system?
• In a heterozygous individual, the allele that masks the expression of the other allele is called the
• The wise management of the environment is called
• Which process involves movement of molecules from low to high concentration and requires energy?
• Bacteria that live in or on another organism in a beneficial relationship are called what?
• A change in the DNA that can alter an organism's phenotype is called:
• Which term describes features that differentiate the sexes but are not part of the reproductive organs?
• In an experiment, what term describes the standard against which results are compared?
• What type of neuron connects sensory and motor neurons?
• Which term means the part of Earth where life exists?
• Lipid solid at room temperature is called a ...
• Which term describes a well-supported explanation formed from many experiments?
• Triglycerides are a type of lipid formed from glycerol and how many fatty acids?
• In ecology, which term best defines an organism's functional role in an ecosystem?
• Paths that break down molecules to release energy are collectively known as which term?
• Which lipid is liquid at room temperature?
• Living factors are known as
• Which group uses light to make food?
• A plant reproducing without genetic contribution from a second parent is described as
• Polysaccharides are made up of which of the following?
• Which process produces energy in the absence of oxygen, often via fermentation?
• Which term best describes the organ that forms to support fetal development and exchange nutrients with the mother?
• What term describes a characteristic controlled by a gene located on a sex chromosome?
• Making a copy of DNA is known as what?
• What term is used for the diagram that displays the number of organisms at each trophic level?
• What is the term for the release of the egg from the ovary?
• Which term describes all the different populations living in a given area?
• Which term best describes an organism that damages the host by living on or in it?
• Which term refers to the functional role of an organism in an ecosystem?
• In plants one male gamete fuses with the egg to form a diploid zygote; the other fuses with the polar nuclei to form the triploid endosperm.
• Plants with two seed leaves are classified as which?
• The uptake of external DNA by a cell is known as which process?
• The chance of finding a named species with any one throw of a quadrat is known as what?
• The hollow ball of cells formed after fertilisation is called
• Leaf storage and perennating organ is which structure?
• What is the muscular movement that moves food along the digestive tract called?
• Which diagram shows the number of organisms at each trophic level?
• What term describes organisms that obtain food from other organisms?
• Parts of the earth that support life are called the
• What process converts light energy into chemical energy in plants using carbon dioxide and water?
• What is the process of breaking down food into smaller particles that can be absorbed called?
• The portion of DNA that does not code for proteins is commonly called:
• Which term describes the membrane surrounding the embryo that forms a fluid-filled cavity?
• Gametes receive only one allele for each gene due to:
• Which term describes pollen transfer from the same plant to its stigma?
• The principle that explains how genes on different chromosomes assort independently into gametes is:
• What is the jelly with nutrients used as a medium for growth of microorganisms?
• In a diploid organism, the two copies of each chromosome are referred to as
• Which substance consists mostly of cell bodies and dendrites in the nervous system?
• Which organisms make food by chemical reactions using energy from chemical bonds rather than light?
• Which part of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord?
• Phospholipids are composed of which components?
• Which term describes a cell type that has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?
• What term describes the movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration?
• What term refers to the mixture of sperm and seminal fluid released during ejaculation?
• A monosaccharide is made up of how many sugar units?
• Contains all the nutrient types in the correct proportions
• The fusion of male and female gametes to form a diploid zygote is known as
• Living on dead organic matter describes which type of organism?
• Which term describes the turning on of a gene to produce its product?
• What is the regrowth of the embryo after a period of dormancy if environmental conditions are suitable?
• Place where an organism lives is its
• If an individual has two identical alleles for a gene, this genotype is called:
• An allele that masks the recessive allele is called the
• A record of the numbers of organisms present is called a ...
• The organism that catches, kills and eats other organisms is called a ...
• What term describes the property of enzymes that allows them to act on only one particular substrate?
• Which structure is formed from both uterine tissue and embryonic tissue and functions as the site of nutrient and gas exchange?
• Which term describes the inability to conceive?
• An automatic action not under conscious control is a
• A nerve cell is called
• Which term describes the force of attraction between water molecules and a surface, such as xylem walls?
• Which term describes the portion of an enzyme where the substrate binds?
• Layer of cells in the blastocyst with potential to give rise to specific tissues
• What is the term for the cycling of nutrients through an ecosystem, including decomposition and uptake by plants?
• Which term refers to the growth of cells outside an organism on a sterile nutrient medium?
• Which term refers to chemicals produced by microorganisms that kill or inhibit other microorganisms?
• A record of the presence or absence of an organism is called a ...
• Which term describes a disease caused by deficiency of a vitamin?
• A struggle between organisms where one organism gets all the resource is called
• The genetic make-up of an individual, referring to the specific alleles present, is called the
• Few body cells, lots of myelin
• What term describes a molecule that has lost its shape and can no longer function?
• Which process describes the enzymatic cleavage of DNA at specific sequences?
• Which term describes an enzyme that acts on only a single substrate?
• All the different populations living in an area are referred to as
• Which term describes the organism that catches, kills and eats other organisms?
• Excretion is the removal of which from the body?
• What term describes the situation when the level of one hormone increases the production of another?
• What is the three-base sequence on DNA or RNA that codes for an amino acid?
• What term describes the relationship between different species in which at least one benefits?
• Which tissue forms from both the uterine tissue and embryo tissue to support the fetus?
• Which term describes a theory that has withstood long-term testing?
• The term used for a gene's fixed position on a chromosome is:
• The force of attraction between water molecules and xylem walls is called?
• A hypothesis that has been supported by many experiments is known as a ...
• Chromosomes that are the same size and shape and carry the same genes are called
• Which of the following best defines metabolism?
• Which term describes a community of organisms and their environment?
• Which term denotes the mixture of sperm and seminal fluid released during ejaculation?
• The study of how living things interact with each other and their environment is called
• An individual's genetic makeup is referred to as the
• A nerve cell is called a
• Which term denotes a group of disorders in which the body loses control of both the rate and number of times mitosis occurs?
• Plant asexual reproduction
• Which process is used to render a material completely free of all microorganisms, including spores?
• What is the process by which plasma that has entered Bowman's capsule is filtered from the blood?
• Plants with one seed leaf are called which?
• Stem storage and perennating organ
• Which term describes an animal that eats animals?
• Which term refers to the fluid portion of the cytoplasm that lacks organelles?
• What term describes a gland with a duct that opens to the external environment such as saliva and sweat?
• What term describes living in or on another species causing harm?
• Which enzyme causes the sequence of RNA bases to join together to form mRNA?
• What term describes a group of tissues carrying out a common function?
• Alternative forms of a gene?
• Which term describes a sequence of three nucleotides that codes for an amino acid?
• Which term describes a network of feeding relationships formed by multiple food chains?
• Which molecule carries information from DNA to a ribosome?
• What process involves the addition of excess nutrients to water leading to increased plant growth?
• The term for the prevention of fertilisation
• Organisms that break down dead organic matter are called ...
• The DNA region that can accumulate mutations and influence gene regulation is most commonly referred to as:
• Measurements or observations collected during an experiment are called ...
• A mass of hyphae is called what?
• Which tube carries urine from the kidney to the bladder?
• Which term describes testing for the presence or absence of a specific gene?
• Which term is defined as the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment?
• Which term describes a mutualistic relationship in which both species benefit?
• Which term describes the molecule formed during transcription that carries the genetic code to the ribosome?
• What is the living material inside a cell that exists outside the nucleus?
• An estimate of the amount of the quadrat covered by each species is called what?
• The part of the skeleton that includes the pelvic and pectoral girdles and limbs is called the
• Which term describes a molecule made up of many sugar units?
• What term describes bacteria that are not killed by antibiotics?
• Carries impulse across the synaptic cleft and triggers impulse in the next neuron
• Which term refers to the plant life of a region?
• Which term describes a sequence of organisms in which each is eaten by the next?
• What is the three-base sequence on the tRNA that pairs with a codon called?
• Attached to the endometrium
• What is a trace element?
• Which term describes the level in a food chain where organisms obtain their energy?
• Group of three bases on tRNA is called what?
• Which plant tissue is the region of rapid cell division contributing to growth?
• Which term describes an animal that eats plants?
• Which biomolecule class stores energy and provides insulation?
• During early embryonic development, the solid ball of cells before the blastocyst forms is known as:
• Prevention of fertilisation
• Which term refers to the plant life of a region?
• A chemical messenger produced by an endocrine gland and carried by the bloodstream to another part of the body is a
• What is the term for the relationship between different species in which at least one benefits?
• What term describes the situation when the level of one hormone inhibits the production of another?
• What term describes a solid ball of cells formed after fertilization?
• Removal of metabolic waste from the body.
• What term denotes the complete removal of all micro-organisms from an environment?
• Which term refers to a culture medium used to grow microbes?
• Depositing of sperm in the vagina using the penis
• The act of mating that results in deposition of sperm in the vagina
• Carries impulse to the CNS
• Which process returns nitrogen to the atmosphere by converting nitrates into nitrogen gas?
• Which process is the conversion of ammonia to nitrites and then nitrates?
• A membrane that surrounds the embryo is the
• Which term refers to the external environment that is harmful to an organism?
• Which term describes release energy when a complex molecule is broken down into a simpler form?
• Maintenance of a constant internal environment is known as what?
• The term for a test of a hypothesis is ...
• Pollen from one plant is transferred to a stigma on the same plant
• Which stage of early embryonic development is a solid ball of cells before the formation of a blastocyst?
• Which term describes a group of organs carrying out a common function?
• What term refers to the introduction of base sequence changes into DNA?
• Which term refers to a group of similar cells with a common function?
• Which term describes organisms or processes that do not require oxygen?
• A struggle between organisms for a resource in short supply is known as
• If a couple cannot achieve pregnancy after one year of unprotected intercourse, the condition is called:
• What is the process of converting ammonia into nitrite and then nitrate called?
• A consumer that eats both plants and animals is called what?
• Biomolecules include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Which option best names this group?
• Group of three bases on DNA or RNA that codes for an amino acid is called what?
• The term for the temperature or pH at which an enzyme shows its highest activity is the what?
• Which term refers to living factors in an environment?
• What describes two or more interconnected food chains?