What term refers to the introduction of base sequence changes into DNA?

What term refers to the introduction of base sequence changes into DNA?

• A. Mutation
• B. Transformation
• C. Introduction Of Base Sequence Changes
• D. Recombination

Answer: (C)

Mutation is the standard term for a permanent change in the DNA sequence. It covers base substitutions, insertions, deletions, and larger rearrangements, and can arise spontaneously during replication or be induced by mutagens such as chemicals or radiation. These changes may alter a protein’s amino acid sequence and function, or they might have no noticeable effect. If a mutation occurs in reproductive cells, it can be inherited; if it happens in somatic cells, it affects only the individual. The other ideas described—taking up external DNA, exchanging DNA segments, or a plain descriptive phrase—do not represent the specific concept of introducing base sequence changes into DNA in the way scientists routinely define mutation.

Mutation is the standard term for a permanent change in the DNA sequence. It covers base substitutions, insertions, deletions, and larger rearrangements, and can arise spontaneously during replication or be induced by mutagens such as chemicals or radiation. These changes may alter a protein’s amino acid sequence and function, or they might have no noticeable effect. If a mutation occurs in reproductive cells, it can be inherited; if it happens in somatic cells, it affects only the individual. The other ideas described—taking up external DNA, exchanging DNA segments, or a plain descriptive phrase—do not represent the specific concept of introducing base sequence changes into DNA in the way scientists routinely define mutation.